Airbnb is the most valuable tourism company in history and an epitome of the platform economy in tourism. Since 2020, together with the entire tourism sector, it has experienced the crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. The paper presents the context for the current international research on Airbnb by describing the origin, current state, and possible developments of the platform offer during and after the pandemic. The data on the global Airbnb offer in 2018, 2019, and 2020 comes from web-scraping the platform website. It shows that the dynamic growth of accommodation supply stopped in the last year. The platform offer has continued to disperse geographically towards less saturated markets and rural areas during the pandemic period. Entire flats and apartments have been continuously growing in dominance in the structure of the listing, while the slower growth in the percentage of multihosts’ listings indicates a slowdown in the process of the professionalisation of the platform offer.
Digital platforms are changing the way in which suppliers and consumers of accommodation services interact, deeply transforming the tourism market. In these peer-to-peer and twosided digital marketplaces, pricing strategies become crucial for value generation, yet in contrast to conventional digital marketplaces, prices are set by non-professional vendors who are also consumers.
Airbnb is the most successful case of sharing economy-based accommodation rental, providing a vast and diverse range of places for tourists to stay in. In this digital marketplace, final consumers compete with professional hosts, looking for new business opportunities. Previous studies on pricing have not made a distinction between both groups. Our investigation aims to reduce this gap by focusing just on peer-to-peer transactions. We use a large dataset covering accommodation listed by non-professional hosts in Barcelona.
The paper offers evidence that higher accommodation prices are best explained by consumers’ preference for the intrinsic functional qualities of the value proposition. The systematic interaction of value and volume of online reviews and pricing strategies of close players can also produce a crucial impact on pricing.